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सोमवार, 3 मार्च 2025

Samyak Charitra: Virati and Avirati


Virati (Restraint) and Avirati (Non-Restraint)

Virati (Restraint) – The Path of Self-Control

Virati, or restraint, is the practice of controlling one's actions, speech, and thoughts in alignment with Jain principles. It is a crucial step in Right Conduct (Samyak Charitra) and helps in reducing karmic bondage.

There are two main types of Virati:

1. Sarvavirati (Complete Restraint)

This is the total renunciation of worldly activities, followed by Jain ascetics (Sadhus and Sadhvis). They take the Mahavratas (Five Great Vows) and live a life of complete discipline and detachment.

The Mahavratas are:

  • Ahimsa (Non-violence) – Avoiding harm to all living beings.

  • Satya (Truthfulness) – Speaking only the truth that is beneficial and non-harmful.

  • Asteya (Non-stealing) – Not taking anything that is not willingly given.

  • Brahmacharya (Celibacy) – Complete abstinence from sensual pleasures.

  • Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness) – Renouncing attachment to material wealth and relationships.

These vows are also traditionally named as:

  1. Sarvato Pranatipata Viramana Vrata

  2. Sarvato Mrishabada Viramana Vrata

  3. Sarvato Adattadana Viramana Vrata

  4. Sarvato Maithuna Viramana Vrata

  5. Sarvato Parigraha Viramana Vrata

Jain ascetics practice Sarvavirati as an essential step toward moksha (liberation).

2. Desh-Virati (Partial Restraint)

Lay followers (Shravakas and Shravikas) practice Desh-Virati, meaning partial renunciation. They take Twelve Vows (Barah Vrata), which are divided into:

  • Five Anuvratas (Lesser Vows)

  • Three Gunavratas (Supplementary Vows)

  • Four Shikshavratas (Disciplinary Vows)

The Twelve Vows of a Shravaka (Lay Follower)

I. Anuvratas (Lesser Vows)

These are moderate versions of the Mahavratas, allowing laypeople to follow Jain principles while managing their household life.

  1. Ahimsa Anuvrata (Limited Non-violence) – Avoiding intentional harm to living beings, especially those with two or more senses.

  2. Satya Anuvrata (Limited Truthfulness) – Speaking only the truth but ensuring that it does not cause harm.

  3. Asteya Anuvrata (Limited Non-stealing) – Not taking anything that is not willingly given and avoiding dishonest means of acquiring wealth.

  4. Brahmacharya Anuvrata (Limited Celibacy) – Practicing restraint in sensual pleasures and maintaining loyalty in marriage.

  5. Aparigraha Anuvrata (Limited Possession) – Limiting desires and accumulation of material wealth.

These vows are also traditionally named as:

  1. Sthula Pranatipata Viramana Vrata

  2. Sthula Mrishavada Viramana Vrata

  3. Sthula Adattadana Viramana Vrata

  4. Swadara Santosh Parastreegaman Viramana Vrata

  5. Sthula Parigraha Parimana Vrata

II. Gunavratas (Supplementary Vows)

These enhance the Anuvratas by adding further restrictions and self-discipline.

  1. Dikparimana Vrata (Directional Restriction Vow) – Restricting movement to a limited area to avoid excessive worldly activities.

  2. Bhoga-Upbhoga Parimana Vrata (Limiting Consumables Vow) – Restricting indulgence in luxurious items such as food, entertainment, and comforts.

  3. Anartha Danda Viramana Vrata (Avoidance of Sinful Activities Vow) – Avoiding unnecessary or thoughtless actions that may lead to sin, such as gossip, providing weapons, or harming insects unnecessarily.

III. Shikshavratas (Disciplinary Vows)

These vows promote self-discipline, social responsibility, and spiritual growth.

  1. Samayik Vrata (Vow of Equanimity) – Practicing meditation, equanimity, and self-purification for at least 48 minutes daily to maintain inner peace.

  2. Desavakasika Vrata (Limiting Worldly Activities Vow) – Restricting business, household, and social activities for a certain period to focus on spirituality.

  3. Paushadha Vrata (Vow of Periodic Renunciation) – Observing ascetic-like living occasionally, such as fasting and staying in solitude.

  4. Atithi Samvibhaga Vrata (Vow of Charity and Hospitality) – Offering food, supplies, and services to Jain ascetics, Shravaka-Shravikas, and those in need.

Avirati (Non-Restraint) – The Path of Worldly Bondage

Avirati, or non-restraint, is the lack of self-control that leads to bondage of karma and spiritual downfall. Those who do not follow any form of restraint remain caught in samsara (the cycle of birth and death) and continue accumulating karmic impurities.

There are two types of Avirati:

1. Samyag-Avirati (Non-Restraint Despite Right Faith)

This occurs when a person has Right Faith (Samyagdarshan) but has not yet adopted a restrained lifestyle. They believe in Jain principles but continue engaging in worldly actions. Such individuals are eligible for spiritual progress but must develop restraint to move forward.

2. Mithyatva-Avirati (Non-Restraint Due to Wrong Faith)

This happens when a person lacks both Right Faith and restraint. They do not believe in Jain principles and remain trapped in ignorance and indulgence. Such individuals accumulate Paap (bad karma) and remain in the cycle of rebirths.

Comparison of Virati and Avirati

AspectVirati (Restraint)Avirati (Non-Restraint)
Karmic EffectReduces bondage of karmaIncreases bondage of karma
Spiritual ProgressLeads to mokshaLeads to endless rebirths
Mental StateBrings inner peace and disciplineLeads to restlessness and attachments
Future BirthHigher realms or mokshaLower births (animals, hell, etc.)
Relationship with Jain DharmaFollows vows and practices self-controlIndulges in worldly pleasures without restraint

Conclusion

Virati is essential for liberation, while Avirati leads to spiritual downfall. By practicing Desh-Virati (Partial Restraint), laypeople can progress toward Sarvavirati (Complete Restraint) and ultimately attain moksha.


Exercise Section

  1. Fill in the blanks:

    • _______ means complete restraint, followed by ascetics.

    • Lay followers practice _______ restraint.

    • _______ vow means avoiding harm to all living beings.

  2. Match the following:

    • Ahimsa → (a) Truthfulness

    • Satya → (b) Non-violence

    • Aparigraha → (c) Non-possessiveness

  3. Answer in one sentence:

    • What is the difference between Samyag-Avirati and Mithyatva-Avirati?

    • Name any two Shikshavratas.

    • What is the fourth vow of Jain ascetics?

    • What are the three classifications of the vows of a household?

    • Which vow restricts from telling a lie?


Thanks, 
Jyoti Kothari (Jyoti Kothari, Proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur represents Centuries Old Tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry. He is adviser, Vardhaman Infotech, a leading IT company in Jaipur. He is also ISO 9000 professional)

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Samyag Jnana (Right Knowledge)


Introduction to Samyag Jnana

Samyag Jnana (Right Knowledge), also known as Pramana, is one of the essential pillars of Jain philosophy. It is the correct understanding of reality, as described by the Tirthankaras. Right Knowledge is meaningful only when accompanied by Samyag Darshana (Right Faith) and that leads to Samyak Charitra (Right Conduct). Together, these three form the Three Jewels (Ratnatraya), which lead a soul towards moksha (liberation).

Definition of Samyag Jnana

Samyag Jnana is the knowledge that is free from doubt, misconception, and ignorance. It aligns with the real nature of substances (Dravyas) and is gained through proper sources, such as Jain scriptures, direct experience, and logic.

A knowledge that lacks Samyag Darshana (Right Faith) is considered Ajnana (false knowledge), because it may be influenced by wrong beliefs, assumptions, or misinterpretations.

Importance of Samyag Jnana

  1. Path to Liberation – Right Knowledge helps in identifying what is good for the soul and what leads to karmic bondage.

  2. Elimination of Wrong Beliefs – It removes ignorance and superstitions, guiding an individual towards truth.

  3. Foundation for Right Conduct – Without proper knowledge, ethical behavior is not possible.

  4. Differentiation Between Truth and Falsehood – It enables a person to distinguish between reality and illusion.

Types of Jnana (Knowledge) and Their Ajnana (False Knowledge) Forms

Jainism classifies knowledge into five types:

  1. Mati Jnana (Sensory Knowledge) → Mati Ajnana (Sensory False Knowledge)

  2. Shruta Jnana (Scriptural Knowledge) → Shruta Ajnana (Scriptural False Knowledge)

  3. Avadhi Jnana (Clairvoyance Knowledge) → Vibhang Jnana (Distorted Clairvoyance)

  4. Manahparyaya Jnana (Telepathic Knowledge) → No Ajnana Form

  5. Kevala Jnana (Omniscience) → No Ajnana Form

Each of these types is explained in detail below.

1. Mati Jnana (Sensory Knowledge) → Mati Ajnana (Sensory False Knowledge)

Mati Jnana is the knowledge acquired through the senses (eyes, ears, nose, tongue, skin) and mind. It is also called empirical knowledge because it comes from observation and inference. When it lacks Samyag Darshana, it becomes Mati Ajnana, leading to wrong interpretations of reality.

Example:
  • Seeing a mango and recognizing it as a fruit is Mati Jnana.

  • Believing in superstitions based on sensory perception, such as thinking an eclipse brings bad luck, is Mati Ajnana.

2. Shruta Jnana (Scriptural Knowledge) → Shruta Ajnana (Scriptural False Knowledge)

Shruta Jnana is the knowledge gained through scriptures, teachings of the Tirthankaras, and learning from Acharyas (spiritual teachers). When accompanied by Samyag Darshana, it leads to correct understanding. However, when it lacks Samyag Darshana, it becomes Shruta Ajnana, where scriptures are misinterpreted or misunderstood.

Example:
  • Learning about karma theory from a Jain monk is Shruta Jnana.

  • Using scriptures for personal gain or interpreting them incorrectly is Shruta Ajnana.

3. Avadhi Jnana (Clairvoyance Knowledge) → Vibhang Jnana (Distorted Clairvoyance)

Avadhi Jnana is the ability to perceive objects or events beyond ordinary senses, without using external means. If it exists without Samyag Darshana, it is distorted and called Vibhang Jnana, leading to an incomplete or misleading vision of reality.

Example:
  • A celestial being (deva) seeing events happening far away is Avadhi Jnana.

  • A person with Vibhang Jnana perceives only partial truths and misinterprets them.

4. Manahparyaya Jnana (Telepathic Knowledge) – No Ajnana Form

Manahparyaya Jnana is the power to know the thoughts of others. It is possessed by highly advanced monks who have purified their soul. Since it can be attained only in the presence of Samyag Darshana, there is no Ajnana form of this knowledge.

Example:
  • A Jain Acharya understanding what a disciple is thinking, without the disciple speaking.

5. Kevala Jnana (Omniscience) – No Ajnana Form

Kevala Jnana is the highest form of knowledge, where a soul attains complete omniscience and knows everything about the past, present, and future. Only Tirthankaras and liberated souls (Siddhas) possess this knowledge. Since Kevala Jnana is possible only with complete purity, there is no Ajnana form of it.

Example:
  • Lord Mahavira attaining Kevala Jnana and preaching the ultimate truth.

Why Knowledge Without Samyag Darshana is Ajnana?

If knowledge is not based on Right Faith (Samyag Darshana), it becomes Ajnana (false knowledge). This happens because:

  1. Lack of True Understanding – Without faith in Jain principles, knowledge remains incomplete and misleading.

  2. Tainted by Wrong Beliefs – A person may learn Jain teachings but still hold on to incorrect views.

  3. No Spiritual Growth – Knowledge without faith does not lead to the purification of the soul.

Example:
  • A person may know the principle of Ahimsa (non-violence) but still believe in harming insects for convenience.

  • Someone may read about karma but not believe in its consequences.

Exercise Section

A. Fill in the blanks:

  1. _______ Jnana is the knowledge gained through the five senses and the mind.

  2. Shruta Jnana refers to knowledge gained through _______.

  3. The highest form of knowledge in Jainism is called _______.

  4. _______ Jnana allows one to perceive distant objects without physical presence.

  5. Knowledge without Right Faith is called _______.

  6. Kevala Jnana is attained by _______ and _______ souls.

B. Match the following:

  1. Mati Jnana → (c) Sensory knowledge

  2. Shruta Jnana → (b) Scriptural knowledge

  3. Avadhi Jnana → (e) Clairvoyance knowledge

  4. Manahparyaya Jnana → (a) Telepathic knowledge

  5. Kevala Jnana → (d) Omniscience

C. True or False:

  1. Mati Ajnana is knowledge free from false beliefs. ( )

  2. Kevala Jnana has an Ajnana form. ( )

  3. Vibhang Jnana is a type of false knowledge. ( )

  4. Knowledge without Samyag Darshana leads to Moksha. ( )

  5. Manahparyaya Jnana can be attained without Samyag Darshana. ( )


Thanks, 
Jyoti Kothari (Jyoti Kothari, Proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur represents Centuries Old Tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry. He is an adviser, Vardhaman Infotech, a leading IT company in Jaipur. He is also ISO 9000 professional)

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Samyaktwa and Mithyatwa


Samyagdarshana (Right View) and Mithyadarshana (Wrong View)

Samyagdarshana (Right View) – The Foundation of Spiritual Progress

Samyagdarshana, also known as Samyaktva, is the foundation of spiritual growth in Jainism. It is the correct perception and unwavering belief in Tatvas (fundamental truths) and the teachings of the Tirthankaras. A person with Samyagdarshana follows the path of righteousness and remains dedicated to Jain principles.

Samyag darshan is associated both with perception and faith. Samyaga Darshana always associated with Samyaga Jnana. Faith with right perception is considered right faith, otherwise a faith may lead to superstition. A person with Samyag Darshan has unwavering faith in Deva-Guru-Dharma and in the preachings of Arihant/ Kevali. 

Eight Virtues of Samyagdarshana (Right Faith)

The eight virtues (gunas) of Samyagdarshana are:

  1. Nisshankita (Doubtlessness) – A person with Right Faith has unwavering confidence in Jain philosophy. They do not entertain doubts about the truth of the Tirthankaras' teachings.

  2. Nihkankshita (Desirelessness) – True faith is selfless and free from material expectations. A person does not seek personal rewards or social recognition for following Jain principles.

  3. Nihvichikitsa (Absence of Disgust) – There is no aversion toward Jain teachings, Tirthankaras, ascetics, or ascetic practices. Faith is embraced with a pure heart.

  4. Amoodhadrishti (Freedom from Delusion) – One is free from false beliefs and superstitions and does not follow misleading ideologies that contradict Jain principles.

  5. Upavrinhana (Protecting Jain Principles) – A person with Samyagdarshana safeguards and upholds true Dharma, ensuring that it is not misinterpreted, criticized, or misused.

  6. Sthirikaran (Steadfastness) – The devotee remains firm in their faith despite hardships, distractions, or societal pressure. They also inspire others to strengthen their faith.

  7. Vaatsalya (Affection for the Faith) – A person with Samyagdarshana develops deep love for Jainism and fellow followers, offering guidance and support.

  8. Prabhavana (Spreading the Faith) – A person actively promotes Jain teachings and takes joy in strengthening their own faith and that of others.

Mithyadarshana (Wrong view) – The Path of Ignorance

Mithyadarshana, also known as Mithyatva, is the opposite of Samyagdarshana. It is an incorrect understanding of reality, leading the soul further into karmic bondage and worldly suffering. Mithyadarshana is caused by Darshana Mohaniya Karma, which distorts true perception.

Eight Opposite Traits of Mithyadarshana (Wrong view)

  1. Sankitva (Doubtfulness) – A person with Mithyadarshana constantly doubts Jain principles, leading to spiritual instability.

  2. Kankshitva (Desire for Material Gain) – Unlike Nihkankshita, a person follows religion expecting material benefits, success, or social recognition.

  3. Vichikitsa (Disgust or Aversion) – One feels aversion toward Jain teachings, Tirthankaras, or ascetic life, considering them impractical.

  4. Moodhadrishti (Deluded Vision) – A person believes in false doctrines, superstitions, or misleading ideologies, diverting from the true Jain path.

  5. Anupavrinhana (Neglect of Jain Principles) – Instead of protecting Jain values, they may ignore or even mock fundamental teachings.

  6. Asthirikaran (Lack of Steadfastness) – A person frequently shifts their beliefs, being influenced by worldly pleasures and social trends.

  7. Vairasya (Lack of Affection for the Faith) – There is no emotional connection or love for Jain principles, and they remain indifferent to the teachings.

  8. Aprabhavana (Failure to Spread the Faith) – Instead of promoting Jain teachings, a person with Mithyadarshana either discourages others or spreads falsehoods.

Results of Samyagdarshana (Right view)

A person who attains Samyagdarshana experiences several positive transformations:

  1. Purification of the Soul (Atma Shuddhi) – Removes doubts and misconceptions, allowing the soul to perceive reality as it is.

  2. Reduction in Bondage of Karma (Karma Nirjara) – Avoids wrong actions and reduces karmic accumulation.

  3. Strengthening of Right Knowledge (Samyak Gyan) – True faith leads to a deeper understanding of Jain philosophy.

  4. Development of Right Conduct (Samyak Charitra) – Inspires ethical and moral living according to Jain vows.

  5. Birth in Higher Realms (Uttam Gati) – Leads to rebirth in superior existences, such as human or celestial realms.

  6. Progress Toward Liberation (Moksha Marg Pravesh) – Right Faith ensures progress toward moksha.

  7. Inner Peace and Contentment (Shanti and Samadhi) – Brings peace of mind and detachment from worldly matters.

  8. Removal of Delusion (Mohakshaya) – Eliminates Mithyadarshana, clearing ignorance and misconceptions.

Results of Mithyadarshana (Wrong Faith)

A person trapped in Mithyadarshana faces several negative consequences:

  1. Continued Bondage of Karma (Karma Bandhan) – Accumulates excessive karma, prolonging the cycle of birth and death.

  2. Hindrance in Attaining True Knowledge (Mithya Jnan) – Wrong Faith prevents understanding the true nature of reality.

  3. Decline in Morality and Conduct (Durachar Vrittis) – Leads to unwholesome actions and attachment to worldly pleasures.

  4. Rebirth in Lower Realms (Adhogati) – Leads to rebirth in hell, animal life, or lower existences.

  5. Strengthening of Delusion (Moha Vriddhi) – Misguided beliefs increase, making spiritual progress difficult.

  6. Increased Suffering (Dukh Vriddhi) – Wrong perceptions lead to greater mental distress and dissatisfaction.

  7. Prolonged Cycle of Birth and Death (Samsara Pravritti) – Keeps the soul bound to endless rebirths, delaying liberation.

  8. Lack of True Happiness (Anand Rahitata) – Seeks happiness in temporary material gains, leading to frustration.

Comparison of Samyagdarshana and Mithyadarshana

AspectSamyagdarshana (Right Faith)Mithyadarshana (Wrong Faith)
Karmic EffectReduces bondage of karmaIncreases bondage of karma
Spiritual ProgressLeads to mokshaLeads to endless rebirths
Mental StateBrings inner peace and clarityCauses confusion and ignorance
Future BirthHigher realms or mokshaLower births (animals, hell, etc.)
Relationship with Jain DharmaFollows Jain principles with devotionNeglects or opposes Jain teachings

Conclusion

Samyagdarshana is the gateway to moksha, bringing peace, wisdom, and spiritual progress, while Mithyadarshana is the greatest obstacle, leading to karmic bondage and suffering. To attain moksha, one must cultivate Samyagdarshana, abandon Mithyadarshana, and walk the path of Right Knowledge and Right Conduct.

Exercise 

A. Fill in the blanks:

  1. _______ is the foundation of spiritual progress in Jainism.

  2. A person with Mithyadarshana follows _______ beliefs.

  3. _______ means unwavering confidence in Jain teachings.

  4. The opposite of Samyagdarshana is _______.

  5. A person with Samyagdarshana experiences _______ and inner peace.

  6. Mithyadarshana leads to rebirth in _______ realms.

  7. Nihkankshita means freedom from _______ desires.

  8. Prabhavana refers to _______ Jain teachings.

B. Match the following:

  1. Nisshankita → (a) Deluded vision

  2. Moodhadrishti → (b) Freedom from doubt

  3. Prabhavana → (c) Spreading Jain principles

  4. Sthirikaran → (d) Steadfastness in faith

  5. Vichikitsa → (e) Aversion towards Jain teachings

  6. Vaatsalya → (f) Affection for the faith

C. True or False:

  1. Samyagdarshana is necessary for liberation. ( )

  2. Mithyadarshana helps in reducing karma. ( )

  3. A person with Samyagdarshana is free from superstitions. ( )

  4. Upavrinhana means neglecting Jain principles. ( )

  5. Mithyadarshana results in inner peace and contentment. ( )

D. Answer in one sentence:

  1. What is the primary cause of Mithyadarshana?

  2. Name any two virtues of Samyagdarshana.

  3. What is the main effect of Mithyadarshana on karma?

  4. Define Nihvichikitsa in simple words.

  5. Why is Samyagdarshana considered the gateway to moksha?

E. Short Answer Questions:

  1. Explain how Samyagdarshana helps in the reduction of karmic bondage.

  2. Describe two key differences between Samyagdarshana and Mithyadarshana.

  3. How does Vaatsalya strengthen Jain faith among followers?

  4. What role does Sthirikaran play in maintaining spiritual stability?

  5. How does Mithyadarshana lead to suffering in future births?

F. Think and Answer:

  1. If a person follows religion only for material benefits, can they have Samyagdarshana? Why or why not?

  2. How can someone develop Samyagdarshana if they are born into an environment where Mithyadarshana is dominant?

  3. Why do you think Prabhavana (spreading faith) is considered an essential part of Samyagdarshana?

  4. In modern times, what challenges do people face in attaining Samyagdarshana?

  5. Imagine you have a friend who doubts Jain principles. How would you help them understand Samyagdarshana?

Thanks, 
Jyoti Kothari (Jyoti Kothari, Proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur represents Centuries Old Tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry. He is an adviser, Vardhaman Infotech, a leading IT company in Jaipur. He is also ISO 9000 professional)

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Core Principles of Jainism: Three Jewels


The Three Jewels of Jainism (Triratna)

Jainism is a way of life that leads to ultimate joy and happiness. The ultimate goal of Jainism is to attain Moksha or Nirvana (Liberation). We know that there exists sorrow, woe, and unhappiness in our lives. We also know that mundane souls travel through a rotation of 84 lakh Yonis (various life forms). Attaining Moksha is the ultimate solution to this cycle of birth and suffering.

According to the Tattvartha Sutra, Samyak Darshan (Right Faith), Samyak Gyan (Right Knowledge), and Samyak Charitra (Right Conduct) together form the golden path to Moksha or Nirvana. These three together are called Triratna or Ratnatrayee. Remember, they are not three separate paths but one single path where all three work together!

Jainism teaches us how to live a good and meaningful life. One of the most important teachings of Jainism is Triratna, which means Three Jewels. These three jewels are:

  1. Samyak Darshan (Right Faith)

  2. Samyak Gyan (Right Knowledge)

  3. Samyak Charitra (Right Conduct)

By following these three jewels, a person can live a pure and peaceful life and move closer to Moksha (liberation). Let’s learn about them one by one.


1. Samyak Darshan (Right Faith)

Right Faith means having true belief in Jain teachings. It is about understanding and accepting the truth about the universe, life, and karma. In Jainism, it is important to have faith in the Tirthankaras (spiritual teachers) and their teachings.

Example:

Imagine you have a treasure map, but you don’t believe it’s real. Will you follow it? No! Similarly, if we don’t trust Jain teachings, we won’t follow the right path. Right Faith is like believing in the map that guides us to truth and happiness.

Key Teachings of Right Faith:

  • Believe in the Tattvas (fundamental principles of Jainism).

  • Respect Jain Sadhu/Sadhvi (ascetics) and scriptures.

  • Avoid false beliefs and superstitions.


2. Samyak Gyan (Right Knowledge)

Right Knowledge means understanding the truth correctly. It is not just collecting information but truly knowing what is right and wrong. Jainism teaches that knowledge should be free from doubt and confusion.

Jains believe in Anekantavada, which means that truth has many sides. Just like a single story can have different viewpoints, reality can also be seen in various ways.

Example:

There is a famous story about six blind men and an elephant. Each man touches a different part of the elephant and describes it differently—one says it’s like a wall, another like a rope, another like a fan. They are all partly right but also partly wrong. This teaches us that truth can be seen in different ways, and we must gain complete knowledge before making judgments.

How to Get the Right Knowledge?

  • Study Jain scriptures like Tattvartha Sutra (written by Acharya Umaswati).

  • Learn from Jain Sadhu/Sadhvi and teachers.

  • Think logically and ask questions.


3. Samyak Charitra (Right Conduct)

Right Conduct means following Jain principles. Once we have the right faith and right knowledge, we should also act correctly. Jainism teaches us to live a life full of non-violence (Ahimsa), truth (Satya), honesty (Aparigraha), and self-control (Brahmacharya).

Example:

Imagine a person who knows that eating too many sweets is bad for health but still eats them all the time. Knowing something is not enough; we must also act on it!

Five Main Vows (Mahavratas) for Right Conduct:

  1. Ahimsa (Non-violence): Do not harm any living being.

  2. Satya (Truthfulness): Always speak the truth.

  3. Asteya (Non-stealing): Do not take what is not yours.

  4. Brahmacharya (Celibacy/Self-control): Control desires.

  5. Aparigraha (Non-attachment): Do not be greedy.

Jain Sadhu/Sadhvi follow these vows strictly (Mahavratas), while common people (householders/laymen) follow lenient versions of these vows, called Anuvratas.


Conclusion

The Three Jewels of Jainism—Right Faith, Right Knowledge, and Right Conduct—are the keys to leading a good and meaningful life. If we follow them, we can live peacefully and move towards Moksha, which is freedom from the cycle of birth and death.

A Simple Way to Remember Triratna:

Think of Triratna as a three-step ladder:

  1. First, believe in the right path (Right Faith).

  2. Then, learn and understand it well (Right Knowledge).

  3. Finally, walk on that path (Right Conduct).

By following these three jewels, we can become better humans and help others too!


Exercises

A. Answer the following questions:

  1. What is the ultimate goal of Jainism?

  2. What are the Three Jewels of Jainism (Triratna)?

  3. Why is it important to have Samyak Darshan (Right Faith)?

  4. What does Anekantavada teach us?

  5. List the Five Main Vows (Mahavratas) of Jainism.

B. Fill in the blanks:

  1. The three jewels of Jainism are ________, ________, and ________.

  2. ________ means non-violence in Jainism.

  3. ________ wrote the Tattvartha Sutra.

  4. Right Knowledge should be free from ________ and ________.

  5. The lenient versions of Mahavratas followed by householders are called ________.

C. True or False:

  1. Jainism believes in multiple paths to Moksha. (True/False)

  2. Right Faith is about blindly following Jain teachings. (True/False)

  3. Jain Sadhu/Sadhvi follow Mahavratas strictly. (True/False)

  4. Right Conduct means only gaining knowledge about Jain principles. (True/False)

  5. Aparigraha means non-attachment. (True/False)

D. Match the following:

Column A    Column B
Ahimsa            Self-control
Satya            Non-attachment
Asteya            Non-violence
Brahmacharya            Truthfulness
Aparigraha            Non-stealing


Thanks, 
Jyoti Kothari (Jyoti Kothari, Proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur represents Centuries Old Tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry. He is an adviser, to Vardhaman Infotech, a leading IT company in Jaipur. He is also an ISO 9000 professional)

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Understanding Dharma in Jainism

Understanding Dharma in Jainism

Introduction

Dharma is a word that holds deep meaning in Jain philosophy. While different religions define Dharma in their own ways, Jainism provides a unique and scientific explanation of Dharma. According to Jainism:

"वत्थु सहावो धम्मो"

This means, "The nature of a substance is its Dharma." Every substance in the universe has its own qualities and natural characteristics. This natural property of an object is known as Dharma in Jainism.

For example:

  • Fire has the property of burning.

  • Water has the property of flowing.

  • Air has the property of moving.

  • Sugar has the property of sweetness.

Each of these substances behaves according to its own nature, and this nature is its Dharma.


Dharma as the Nature of the Soul

Jainism is an Atma Dharma, meaning it is the Dharma of the soul. Just as physical substances have their own nature, the soul (Atma) also has its own essential qualities. These qualities define the true Dharma of the soul.

The Natural Qualities of the Soul

In its purest form, the soul possesses infinite qualities, including:

  • Anant Darshan (अनंत दर्शन) – Infinite Perception

  • Anant Gyan (अनंत ज्ञान) – Infinite Knowledge

  • Anant Charitra (अनंत चारित्र) – Infinite Conduct

  • Anant Virya (अनंत वीर्य) – Infinite Energy

  • Aroopi (अरूपी) – Formless

  • Avinashi (अविनाशी) – Indestructible

  • Agurulaghutva (अगुरुलघु) – Neither heavy nor light

  • Avyavadha Sukh (अव्याबाध सुख) – Eternal bliss

These qualities exist naturally within every soul, but they remain hidden due to karma. The practice of Jain Dharma aims to remove karma and restore the soul to its purest state.


Dharma as the Path to Moksha

Most souls are impure due to the influence of karma. Only those who remove all karmic bonds can attain Moksha (liberation). The path to Moksha is also called Dharma because it helps the soul return to its natural, pure state.

Two Types of Dharma

  1. Nischay Dharma (निश्चय धर्म) – The Absolute Dharma

    • This refers to the pure nature of the soul.

    • It is eternal, unchanging, and exists in every soul.

    • The soul in its original form is free from karma and full of infinite knowledge and bliss.

  2. Vyavahar Dharma (व्यवहार धर्म) – The Practical Dharma

    • This refers to the conduct that helps purify the soul.

    • It includes non-violence, truth, self-discipline, and compassion.

    • Practicing Vyavahar Dharma leads to Nischay Dharma.

For example:

  • A person practicing Ahimsa (non-violence) is following Vyavahar Dharma.

  • When that person reaches a state of absolute non-violence (complete detachment from harm), they attain Nischay Dharma.


Kevali Prarupit Dharma – The Real Dharma

Omniscient beings, also known as Kevali (केवली) or Tirthankaras, possess infinite knowledge (Keval Gyan) and know the ultimate and absolute truth. Since they have completely removed all karmic impurities, they perceive the true nature of every substance as it is.

Tirthankaras preached this eternal truth in their sermons. Hence, the Dharma described by the Kevalis (Kevali Prarupit Dharma) is the real and ultimate Dharma. This is the Dharma that leads to the complete liberation of the soul and is free from any distortions or personal interpretations.

"धारण करे सो धर्म" – Practicing Dharma

A simple yet profound definition of Dharma is "धारण करे सो धर्म", which means "That which is practiced is Dharma." This emphasizes that true Dharma is not just about knowledge but about living according to the principles of truth, non-violence, and self-discipline, etc. Thus, Jainism teaches that Dharma must be practiced to have real value.

Dharma Protects the Soul from Falling down

Dharma is also described as: This means that Dharma prevents the soul from falling into lower states of existence (Durgati) and protects it from spiritual downfall. By practicing true Dharma, a soul can:

  • Avoid evil actions that lead to suffering in future births.

  • Overcome delusion and attachment, which cause bondage.

  • Progress toward liberation and bliss.

Thus, Dharma is like a shield that protects the soul from spiritual downfall and guides it toward ultimate liberation.


Jain Definition vs. Other Definitions of Dharma

Most religions define Dharma as duty or moral responsibilities. However, Jainism goes deeper and connects Dharma with the scientific nature of existence.

For example:

 

  • In Hinduism, Dharma often means following the duty assigned by birth or caste.

  • In Buddhism, Dharma refers to the teachings of Buddha.

  • In Jainism, Dharma is the nature of every substance and the path to liberation.

This Jain definition closely resembles the scientific definition of properties in material sciences. Just as every physical object has fixed natural properties, every living being has a fixed natural Dharma (spiritual qualities).


Conclusion

Dharma in Jainism is not just about rituals or duties. It is the eternal nature of the soul and the path to Moksha. Every soul has infinite qualities, but karma hides them. By following the principles of Dharma, we can remove karma and rediscover our true Dharma, i.e. the pure natural state.

Since omniscient Tirthankaras know the absolute truth, the Dharma they preached is the real and ultimate Dharma. By understanding and practicing this Kevali Prarupit Dharma, one moves toward eternal peace and liberation.


Exercise

A. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

  1. What does "वत्थु सहावो धम्मो" mean in Jain philosophy? a) The religious duties of a person
    b) The nature of a substance is its Dharma
    c) The teachings of Jain monks
    d) The rules of society

  2. Which of the following is NOT a natural quality of the soul? a) Anant Darshan (Infinite Perception)
    b) Anant Virya (Infinite Energy)
    c) Avyavadha Sukh (Eternal Bliss)
    d) Possession of material wealth

  3. Who has the perfect understanding of Dharma? a) Householders practicing religion
    b) Scholars studying scriptures
    c) Omniscient Kevali (Tirthankaras)
    d) Priests performing rituals

B. Fill in the Blanks

  1. ________ Dharma refers to the absolute, pure nature of the soul.

  2. The natural properties of every substance are known as its ________.

  3. The real Dharma is the one preached by ________, as they have infinite knowledge.

C. Short Answer Questions

  1. Explain the difference between Nischay Dharma and Vyavahar Dharma.

  2. Describe three natural qualities of the soul according to Jainism.

  3. Why is Kevali Prarupit Dharma considered the ultimate Dharma?

Thanks, 
Jyoti Kothari (Jyoti Kothari, Proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur represents Centuries Old Tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry. He is an adviser, Vardhaman Infotech, a leading IT company in Jaipur. He is also ISO 9000 professional)

 

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Jain Dharma: The Eternal Path of Truth and Non-Violence


Everyone in this universe is in search of joy and happiness. From the tiniest creatures to the highest forms of life, all share this quest. They seek joy and strive to avoid sorrow. This has been a universal truth throughout time. However, most do not know the true path to lasting happiness and the elimination of suffering.

True Dharma leads one to the path of happiness. Dharma is not just about momentary joy; it ensures well-being in both this life and the afterlife. More importantly, it ultimately grants eternal bliss—a state completely free from suffering and without end. The Dharma that leads to such everlasting happiness is the true Dharma.

The Omniscient and Passionless Tirthankaras attained the highest state by following this very Dharma. After attaining absolute knowledge (Keval Gyan), they preached this eternal truth. This Dharma is beginningless and endless—it was never created, nor will it ever cease to exist. It has always been, it is, and it will always remain. The Omniscient Tirthankaras revealed it through their absolute knowledge, and this eternal truth is what we know as Jain Dharma.

Jainism is not just a sect; it is a path that unveils a universal, timeless, and all-encompassing truth. This path is eternal and Sanatan (everlasting).

Jainism, an eternal Dharma, guides people to live with kindness, truth, and peace. It is a way of life that emphasizes non-violence (Ahimsa), truth (Satya), and self-discipline. Jainism teaches that all living beings, big or small, possess a soul and should not be harmed.

Jains follow the teachings of 24 great spiritual guides known as Tirthankaras. These enlightened beings showed the path of wisdom and compassion. The last and most well-known Tirthankara was Bhagwan Mahavira, who lived over 2,500 years ago. He taught that true happiness comes from within, not from wealth or power.

The word Jain comes from "Jina," which means "conqueror." Jina is synonymous with Arihant. A Jina is one who has conquered inner weaknesses such as anger, greed, and pride. Jains strive to follow the path of the Jinas by living a simple and honest life.


Thanks, 
Jyoti Kothari (Jyoti Kothari, Proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur represents Centuries Old Tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry. He is an adviser, Vardhaman Infotech, a leading IT company in Jaipur. He is also ISO 9000 professional)



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शनिवार, 1 मार्च 2025

॥ अथ श्री सांगानेर मण्डण ऋषभदेव स्तोत्रम् ॥


श्री ऋषभदेव भगवान्  युग के  से आदिनाथ कहलाते हैं. वे प्रथम तीर्थंकर हैं. इस अवसर्पिणी काल में नाभिराजा के वंश में मरुदेवी माता की कुक्षि से अवतरित होकर समस्त मानव जाति को असि, मसि, कृषि का ज्ञान देकर शिक्षित किया. पुरुषों की 72 एवं स्त्रियों की 64 कलाएं सिखलाई. 

दीक्षा लेकर केवलज्ञान प्राप्त किया और महान ऐश्वर्य युक्त समवशरण में स्फटिक सिंहासन पर विराजमान होकर धर्मोपदेश दिया. चतुर्विध संघ की स्थापना कर तीर्थंकर बने. इस भरत क्षेत्र में इस अवसर्पिणी काल में प्रथम बार मोक्षमार्ग का प्रवर्तन किया. 

इस भक्तिपूर्ण स्तोत्र में श्रद्धायुक्त चित्त से रचयिता ज्योति कोठारी ने ऐसे देवाधिदेव श्री ऋषभदेव प्रभु के महान एवं अकल्पनीय, गुणों का वर्णन किया है. वेदांत दर्शन में ब्रह्म (ब्रम्ह, ब्रम्हा से भिन्न हैं) को सर्वोच्च माना है. इस स्तोत्र में सर्वप्रथम आदिनाथ को परम ब्रम्ह के रूप नमन किया गया है. क्रमशः देवाधिदेव में ब्रम्हा, विष्णु, प्रजापिता, शंकर, रूद्र, गणेश, गरुड़, महेश्वर, आद्याशक्ति महामाया, देवी काली, महाकाल, आदि सभी वैदिक देवों के गन ऋषभदेव में हैं ऐसा वर्णन है. 

विशेष रूप से पृथ्वी, अग्नि, वायु, जल एवं आकाश सृस्टि के इन पञ्च महाभूतों एवं इनके अधिष्ठायक देवों का भी वर्णन है. समस्त भवरोगों का नाश करनेवाले देववैद्य अश्वनीकुमार भी आप ही हैं. आप ही बुद्ध और सम्यक सम्बुद्ध हैं. सरस्वती और लक्ष्मी आप ही में निवास करती है. इस प्रकार सर्व डिवॉन के पूज्य आप ही देवाधिदेव हैं. 

जयपुर नगर के सांगानेर स्थित 1000 वर्ष प्राचीन श्री ऋषभदेव प्रासाद एवं 500 वर्ष प्राचीन श्री चन्द्रप्रभ जिनालय के ध्वजारोहण के मंगल प्रसंग पर, स्वयं एवं भव्यजीवों के कल्याण हेतु यह सारगर्भित स्तोत्र प्रकाशित किया गया है. कल्याणमस्तु !! श्रीरस्तु !!


॥ अथ श्री सांगानेर मण्डण ऋषभदेव स्तोत्रम् ॥

शुद्धं जिनं ज्ञाननिधानमाद्यं।
संसारभूतेषु दयाप्रधानम्॥
ब्रह्मेव संकल्पधुरं वहन्तं।
ऋषभं नमामि जिनेश्वरं तम्॥ १॥

नाभिस्वरूपात् समजायतासौ।
लोकस्य धातुः प्रथमो विभूतिः॥
प्रजापतेः कर्मपथे स्थितो यः।
स ऋषभोऽयं भवपारदात्रः॥ २॥

विष्णोर्निरस्ताशुभकर्मपाशः।
धर्मस्य यो लोकगुरोः समर्थः॥
राज्ये स्थितो लोकहिताय यश्च।
स ऋषभोऽयं प्रणतिं विधेहि॥ ३॥

गणेश्वरः सञ्जनसंप्रदातः।
संघस्य नाथो मुनिभिः सुपूज्यः॥
ज्ञानं प्रदत्तं जनलोकमार्गे।
तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥ ४॥

गर्वेण मत्स्योद्धतहृद्गतेषु।
नष्टेऽपि धर्मे सततं स्थितात्मा॥
यो गरुडोऽयं विषनाशहेतोः।
तं वन्दते वीतरागो वरिष्ठः॥ ५॥

धत्ते निजे दंष्ट्रकृते परात्मा।
संसारनाशे सततं प्रवृत्तः॥
रुद्रः स्वयं मोहनिवारणाय।
तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥ ६॥

कान्तिप्रदं मोहविनाशकर्तुं।
शं योगिनां सत्यपथस्य गुप्तिम्॥
धर्मस्य यः स्थापयिता पुराणः।
स शंकरोऽयं प्रणमामि नित्यम्॥ ७॥

ईशो नृणामर्थविधेरधिष्ठानम्।
कर्माणि नाशं विधिवद्विधत्ते॥
धर्मस्य मूलं परमं विशुद्धं।
महेश्वरं तं प्रणमामि नित्यम्॥ ८॥

संहारकर्ते भववासनायाः।
मोक्षस्य यो मूलमहः प्रभूतम्॥
आद्या स शक्तिः सकलेन्द्रियाणां।
तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥ ९॥

दैत्यस्य यो मोहविनाशहेतोः।
सत्यं प्रकाशं परमार्थमार्गे॥
काली समस्ताशुभनाशिनी या।
तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥ १०॥

योगेश्वरो ध्यानपरः स नित्यं।
संसारनाशे सततं प्रवृत्तः॥
महाकालः कालविनाशहेतोः।
तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥ ११॥

दिव्याननं सर्वविलक्षणं यः।
वरदं वर्यं परमं विशुद्धम्॥
वरुणस्वरूपं भवसिन्धुपारं।
तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥ १२॥

अग्निः स्वयं कर्मविनाशहेतोः।
शुक्लस्य धाता परमार्थसिद्धिम्॥
तप्तं तपो यो भुवने विधत्ते।
तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥ १३॥

क्षान्तिप्रदं सर्वसुखानुकूलं।
धर्मस्य मूलं परमं विशुद्धम्॥
पृथ्वीसमं योऽपि दयाविधानं।
तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥ १४॥

अशेषगुण्यान्वितसत्स्वरूपम्।
आकाशवत्तत्त्वमसंशयं यः॥
आकाशसंसारमहादरिद्रं।
तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥ १५॥

वातात्मजः शुद्धगुणप्रदातः।
मारुत्सुतो यः समदर्शनाय॥
भवाब्धिपारे स्थिरबोधमार्गे।
तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥ १६॥

रोगस्य नाशं परमं प्रदातुम्।
अश्विन्यभिख्यातमधर्मरूपम्॥
लोकस्य शुद्धिं प्रथयन्तमाद्यं।
तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥ १७॥

बुद्धः स्वयं योगविदां वरिष्ठः।
ज्ञानस्य मूलं परमं विशुद्धम्॥
सम्यक्समार्गेण जनेषु पूज्यः।
तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥ १८॥

स्फटिकसिंहासनमास्तु यस्य।
छत्रत्रयं चामरयुग्ममेतत्॥
देवासुरैश्चाभिवन्द्यमानम्।
तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥ १९॥

सरस्वती यत्र वचः प्रवृत्तम्।
लक्ष्म्या च युक्तं परमं विशुद्धम्॥
सर्वेश्वरेशं परमार्थबोधं।
तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥ २०॥

धर्मस्य मूलं परमं विशुद्धम्।
सर्वात्मतत्त्वं करुणाप्रधानम्॥
सर्वज्ञमार्गे स्थितबोधयन्तं।
तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥ २१॥

सांगानेरे श्री ऋषभप्रसादे।
साहस्रवर्षप्रतिपत्तिशुद्धे॥
चन्द्रप्रभे पञ्चशताब्दिवन्द्ये।
नत्वाऽर्पयामः प्रणतिं जिनेभ्यः॥ २२॥

ध्वजार्पणे मङ्गलमादधाने।
देवैर्युतं पुण्यगणैः ससंघैः॥
स्तोत्रं मया भावनया वितन्यं।
शरण्यतां नौ जिननाथ एकः॥ २३॥

यस्मै जिनेन्द्राय वरं प्रकाशम्।
यो मे व्यदाद् तत्वविदां वरिष्ठः॥
ज्योतिर्भवानेन कृपातिशक्त्या।
तस्मै नमस्ते ऋषभाय नित्यम्॥ २४॥

॥ अथ श्री सांगानेर मण्डण ऋषभदेव स्तोत्रम् अर्थम् ॥


(1)

🔸 शुद्धं जिनं ज्ञाननिधानमाद्यं।
🔸 संसारभूतेषु दयाप्रधानम्॥
🔸 ब्रह्मेव संकल्पधुरं वहन्तं।
🔸 ऋषभं नमामि जिनेश्वरं तम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो पूर्णतया शुद्ध, संपूर्ण ज्ञान के भंडार, संसार के प्राणियों के प्रति करुणा रखने वाले, तथा धर्मरूपी संकल्प को धारण करने वाले हैं, ऐसे भगवान ऋषभदेव को मैं नमन करता हूँ।

भगवान ऋषभदेव संपूर्ण ज्ञान के दाता और मोक्षमार्ग के प्रथम उपदेशक होने से ब्रह्मस्वरूप हैं. 


(2)

🔸 नाभिस्वरूपात् समजायतासौ।
🔸 लोकस्य धातुः प्रथमो विभूतिः॥
🔸 प्रजापतेः कर्मपथे स्थितो यः।
🔸 स ऋषभोऽयं भवपारदात्रः॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो राजा नाभिराज के पुत्र रूप में प्रकट हुए, जो लोक में पहले महान विभूति हैं, जिन्होंने कर्म के मार्ग को मोक्ष की ओर प्रवाहित किया, वे ऋषभदेव ही संसार सागर से पार उतारने वाले हैं। जैसे ब्रह्मा (प्रजापिता) विष्णु के नाभिकमल से उत्पन्न हुए वैसे ही आप भी नाभिराजा के पुत्र रूप में उत्पन्न हुए हैं. समस्त प्रजा को लोकधर्म एवं आत्मधर्म की शिक्षा देने के कारण आप ही वास्तविक प्रजापिता हैं. 


भगवान ऋषभदेव पहले तीर्थंकर थे और उन्होंने ही मोक्षमार्ग का प्रथम उपदेश दिया। अपनी राज्यावस्था में तत्कालीन प्रजा को असि, मसि, कृषि, पुरुषों की 72 एवं स्त्रियों की 64 कलाओं का ज्ञान प्रदान कर इस भरत भूमि को कर्मभूमि बनाया था. 


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🔸 विष्णोर्निरस्ताशुभकर्मपाशः।
🔸 धर्मस्य यो लोकगुरोः समर्थः॥
🔸 राज्ये स्थितो लोकहिताय यश्च।
🔸 स ऋषभोऽयं प्रणतिं विधेहि॥

📜 अर्थ:
जिन्होंने अशुभ कर्मों के बंधनों को समाप्त किया, जो धर्म के आचार्य और लोकगुरु हैं, जो पहले राजसत्ता संभालकर लोकहित में कार्यरत हुए, ऐसे ऋषभदेव को मैं प्रणाम करता हूँ। जिस प्रकार विष्णु को जगत का पालनकर्ता कहा गया है वैसे ही आपने राज्यावस्था में प्रजापालन किया एवं  तीर्थंकर बनने के बाद धर्मराज्य (चतुर्विध संघ) का संचालन किया. 


ऋषभदेव ने राज्य व्यवस्था को सुसंगठित किया और फिर सन्यास धारण किया


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🔸 गणेश्वरः सञ्जनसंप्रदातः।
🔸 संघस्य नाथो मुनिभिः सुपूज्यः॥
🔸 ज्ञानं प्रदत्तं जनलोकमार्गे।
🔸 तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो समाज के प्रथम प्रवर्तक, संघ के नायक, मुनियों द्वारा वंदनीय, एवं जिन्होंने ज्ञान का प्रकाश मानव समाज को प्रदान किया, ऐसे जिनेश्वर की मैं शरण लेता हूँ। जिस प्रकार गणेश प्रथम पूज्य देवता माने जाते हैं वैसे ही आप भी लोक में प्रथम पूज्य हैं. धर्म संघ (गण) को धारण करने वाले एवं धर्मसंघ के स्वामी आप ही गणेश्वर और गणपति हैं. 

भगवान ऋषभदेव ने  अवसर्पिणी काल में प्रथम बार साधु, साध्वी, श्रावक, और श्राविकाओं के संघ की स्थापना की।


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🔸 गर्वेण मत्स्योद्धतहृद्गतेषु।
🔸 नष्टेऽपि धर्मे सततं स्थितात्मा॥
🔸 यो गरुडोऽयं विषनाशहेतोः।
🔸 तं वन्दतां वीतरागो वरिष्ठः॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो गर्वरूपी मत्स्य (अहंकार के कारण डूबे हुए जीवों) को उद्धार करने वाले, धर्म के नष्ट हो जाने पर भी स्थिर रहते हैं, जो संसार रूपी विष का नाश करने वाले हैं, ऐसे श्रेष्ठ वीतराग ऋषभदेव को मैं प्रणाम करता हूँ।

तीर्थंकर ऋषभदेव ने अहंकार, मोह और अज्ञान का नाश कर धर्म की स्थापना की


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🔸 धत्ते निजे दंष्ट्रकृते परात्मा।
🔸 संसारनाशे सततं प्रवृत्तः॥
🔸 रुद्रः स्वयं मोहनिवारणाय।
🔸 तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो स्वयं अपने तप और ज्ञान के तेज से संसार का नाश करने में प्रवृत्त हैं, जो मोह को समाप्त करने वाले हैं, ऐसे भगवान जिनेंद्र की मैं शरण लेता हूँ। जैसे रूद्र का क्रोध अति भयंकर होता है उसी प्रकार  आपने अपने तेज से मोहनीय कर्म एवं संसारवासना का नाश किया है. 

ऋषभदेव अज्ञान और मोह का नाश कर सच्चे ज्ञान का प्रकाश लाने वाले हैं


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🔸 कान्तिप्रदं मोहविनाशकर्तुं।
🔸 शं योगिनां सत्यपथस्य गुप्तिम्॥
🔸 धर्मस्य यः स्थापयिता पुराणः।
🔸 स शंकरोऽयं प्रणमामि नित्यम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो मोहरूपी अंधकार को समाप्त कर कान्ति (ज्ञान) प्रदान करने वाले हैं, जो योगियों के लिए शांति स्वरूप हैं, जिन्होंने धर्म की स्थापना की, ऐसे भगवान को मैं नित्य प्रणाम करता हूँ। धर्म की स्थापना कर जगत का कल्याण (शं) करने के कारण हे प्रभु! आप ही शंकर हैं. 

ऋषभदेव योग, संयम, ध्यान और तप के मूल होने से परम कल्याणकारी हैं. 

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🔸 ईशो नृणामर्थविधेरधिष्ठानम्।
🔸 कर्माणि नाशं विधिवत्करोति॥
🔸 धर्मस्य मूलं परमं विशुद्धं।
🔸 महेश्वरं तं प्रणमामि नित्यम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो समस्त प्राणियों के कर्मों के फल को विधिवत नष्ट करने वाले, धर्म के मूल स्वरूप, परम विशुद्ध, एवं सच्चे महेश्वर (सर्वोच्च भगवान) हैं, उन ऋषभदेव को मैं नित्य प्रणाम करता हूँ।

ऋषभदेव मोक्षमार्ग के प्रथम प्रदर्शक थे, जिन्होंने संसार को कर्मों के बंधन से मुक्त होने की विधि बताई


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🔸 संहारकर्ते भववासनायाः।
🔸 मोक्षस्य यो मूलमहः प्रभूतम्॥
🔸 आद्या स शक्तिः सकलेन्द्रियाणां।
🔸 तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो भववासनाओं (संसार की इच्छाओं) का संहार करने वाले, मोक्ष के परम तेजस्वी स्वरूप, एवं समस्त इंद्रियों पर संयम रखने वाले हैं, ऐसे जिनेन्द्र भगवान की मैं शरण ग्रहण करता हूँ। भववासना का संहार करनेवाले आप ही आद्या शक्ति स्वरुप हैं. 

यह श्लोक भगवान ऋषभदेव की महान तपशक्ति और संयम पर बल देता है


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🔸 दैत्यस्य यो मोहविनाशहेतोः।
🔸 सत्यं प्रकाशं परमार्थमार्गे॥
🔸 काली समस्ताशुभनाशिनी या।
🔸 तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो मोह और अज्ञान के नाशक, सत्य एवं प्रकाश के दाता, एवं समस्त अशुभ कर्मों का नाश करने वाले हैं, उन जिनेन्द्र भगवान की मैं शरण ग्रहण करता हूँ। जिस प्रकार देवी काली रक्तवीज रूप  प्रकार आप भी मोहरूपी दैत्यों का संहार कर समस्त अशुभ का नाश करनेवाले हैं. 

भगवान ऋषभदेव ने अज्ञान-मोह रूपी अंधकार को समाप्त कर सत्य मार्ग का प्रकाश फैलाया


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🔸 योगेश्वरो ध्यानपरः स नित्यं।
🔸 संसारनाशे सततं प्रवृत्तः॥
🔸 महाकालः कालविनाशहेतोः।
🔸 तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो योगियों के स्वामी, सदा ध्यानमग्न, संसार नाश करने में प्रवृत्त, एवं काल के भी विनाशक हैं, उन जिनेंद्र भगवान की मैं शरण ग्रहण करता हूँ। आपने मोक्ष जाकर अजर अमर पद प्राप्त किया. काल अर्थात मृत्यु का ही नाश कर दिया, अतः आप ही महाकाल हैं. 

भगवान ऋषभदेव ध्यान योग और मोक्ष मार्ग के प्रथम उपदेशक थे।


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🔸 दिव्याननं सर्वविलक्षणं यः।
🔸 वरदं वर्यं परमं विशुद्धम्॥
🔸 वरुणस्वरूपं भवसिन्धुपारं।
🔸 तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो दिव्य स्वरूप वाले, सबसे अलग, श्रेष्ठतम, मोक्षमार्ग में पार लगाने वाले हैं, उन जिनेन्द्र भगवान की मैं शरण ग्रहण करता हूँ। दुस्तर भवसिंधु से पार लगानेवाले आप ही वरुण देव हैं. 

ऋषभदेव मोक्षमार्ग के द्वारा संसार रूपी समुद्र से पार लगाने वाले परम ज्ञानी हैं।


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🔸 अग्निः स्वयं कर्मविनाशहेतोः।
🔸 शुक्लस्य धात्रं परमार्थसिद्धिम्॥
🔸 तप्तं तपो यो भुवने विदध्यात्।
🔸 तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो स्वयं अग्निरूप होकर अशुभ कर्मों का नाश करते हैं, जो शुक्ल ध्यान के धारक एवं मोक्ष के प्रदाता हैं, जो तपस्या को अपने जीवन का आधार बनाकर संसार को तपोमय बनाते हैं, ऐसे जिनेंद्र भगवान की मैं शरण लेता हूँ। तप की अग्नि से जिन्होंने अपने समस्त कर्म को नष्ट किया वे श्री ऋषभ देव ही वास्तविक अग्निदेव हैं. 

भगवान ऋषभदेव ने महान तप किया और संसार को संयम, तप और ध्यान का मार्ग दिखाया


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🔸 क्षान्तिप्रदं सर्वसुखानुकूलं।
🔸 धर्मस्य मूलं परमं विशुद्धम्॥
🔸 पृथ्वी समं योऽपि दयाविधानं।
🔸 तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो क्षमा और शांति प्रदान करने वाले हैं, जो समस्त सुखों के अनुकूल धर्म के मूल स्वरूप हैं, जो पृथ्वी की भांति सहनशील और दयावान हैं, ऐसे जिनेंद्र भगवान की मैं शरण ग्रहण करता हूँ।

पृथ्वी धैर्य, सहनशीलता और पोषण का प्रतीक है, इसी प्रकार ऋषभदेव भी असीम धैर्य और दया से युक्त हैं।


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🔸 अशेषगुण्यान्वितसत्त्रधाम।
🔸 आकाशवत्तत्त्वमसंशयं यः॥
🔸 आकाशसंसारमहादरिद्रं।
🔸 तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो संपूर्ण गुणों से परिपूर्ण हैं, जो आकाश की भांति अनंत और शुद्ध तत्वस्वरूप हैं, जो संसार रूपी विपत्ति के आकाश में मोक्ष का प्रकाश फैलाने वाले हैं, ऐसे जिनेंद्र भगवान की मैं शरण ग्रहण करता हूँ।

आकाश असीम और अकलुष (निर्मल) होता है, इसी प्रकार ऋषभदेव भी निर्मल, असीम ज्ञानस्वरूप और अनंतगुणी हैं।


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🔸 वातात्मजः शुद्धगुणप्रदातः।
🔸 मारुत्सुतो यः समदर्शनाय॥
🔸 भवाब्धिपारे स्थिरबोधमार्गे।
🔸 तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो वायु के समान सबको शुद्धता और निर्मलता प्रदान करने वाले हैं, जो संसार सागर से पार लगाने के लिए स्थिर बोध मार्ग का उपदेश देने वाले हैं, ऐसे जिनेंद्र भगवान की मैं शरण ग्रहण करता हूँ। मरुदेवी माता के नंदन होने से आप मरुत (वायुदेव) कहलाये जा सकते हैं. 

वायु सर्वत्र व्याप्त और जीवन का आधार है, इसी प्रकार ऋषभदेव ज्ञान, धर्म और मोक्ष का संचार करने वाले हैं


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🔸 रोगस्य नाशं परमं प्रदातुम्।
🔸 अश्विन्यभिख्यातमधर्मरूपम्॥
🔸 लोकस्य शुद्धिं प्रथयन्तमाद्यं।
🔸 तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो सभी रोगों के नाशक हैं, जो अशुभ कर्मों से मुक्त करने वाले हैं, जो समस्त लोक में शुद्धता का प्रचार करने वाले हैं, ऐसे जिनेंद्र भगवान की मैं शरण ग्रहण करता हूँ। देव चिकित्सक अश्वनीकुमार द्वय रोगों के हर्ता देव हैं. भवरोग के नाशक आप ही 
अश्वनीकुमार हैं. 

ऋषभदेव सच्चे धर्म की स्थापना कर अज्ञान, मोह और अशुभ कर्मों को समाप्त कर भवरोग का नाश करने वाले हैं


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🔸 बुद्धः स्वयं योगविदां वरिष्ठः।
🔸 ज्ञानस्य मूलं परमं विशुद्धम्॥
🔸 सम्यक्समार्गेण जनेषु पूज्यः।
🔸 तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो स्वयं महान योगी हैं, जो ज्ञान के मूल स्वरूप एवं परम शुद्ध हैं, जो सम्यक् मार्ग (सही राह) से संसार को मोक्ष प्रदान करते हैं, ऐसे जिनेंद्र भगवान की मैं शरण ग्रहण करता हूँ। समस्त योगों को जाने वाले हे ऋषभदेव! आप ही बुद्ध हैं. सम्यग सन्मार्ग की ओर प्रेरित करनेवाले आप ही सम्यक सम्बुद्ध हैं! 

ऋषभदेव ज्ञान, ध्यान और तप के महान आचार्य हैं और सम्यक्दर्शन, सम्यक्ज्ञान, सम्यक्चारित्र के प्रदाता हैं


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🔸 स्फटिकसिंहासनमास्तु यस्य।
🔸 छत्रत्रयं चामरयुग्ममेतत्॥
🔸 देवासुरैश्चाभिवन्द्यमानम्।
🔸 तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जिनका स्फटिक का शुद्ध सिंहासन है, जिनके मस्तक पर तीन छत्र एवं दो चँवर शोभायमान हैं, जिनकी देव-दानव सभी वंदना करते हैं, ऐसे जिनेंद्र भगवान की मैं शरण ग्रहण करता हूँ। देवासुरों द्वारा पूजित होने से आप ही वास्तविक अर्हत हैं. 

भगवान ऋषभदेव समस्त लोकों द्वारा पूज्य, सर्वश्रेष्ठ और परमशुद्ध हैं।


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🔸 सरस्वती यत्र वचः प्रवृत्तम्।
🔸 लक्ष्म्या च युक्तं परमं विशुद्धम्॥
🔸 सर्वेश्वरेशं परमार्थबोधं।
🔸 तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जिनकी वाणी में स्वयं सरस्वती विराजमान हैं  जो लक्ष्मी के समान पुण्य और ऐश्वर्य से युक्त हैं, जो सर्वेश्वर और परमार्थ बोध के ज्ञाता हैं, ऐसे जिनेंद्र भगवान की मैं शरण ग्रहण करता हूँ।

ऋषभदेव ज्ञान और धर्म के महान आचार्य हैं, जिनकी वाणी मोक्ष का मार्ग दिखाने वाली है


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🔸 धर्मस्य मूलं परमं विशुद्धम्।
🔸 सर्वात्मतत्त्वं करुणाप्रधानम्॥
🔸 सर्वज्ञमार्गे स्थितबोधयन्तं।
🔸 तं नः प्रपद्ये शरणं जिनेशम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जो धर्म के मूल, परम शुद्ध, सर्वज्ञ एवं करुणास्वरूप हैं, जो सम्यक मार्ग पर स्थित होकर ज्ञान का प्रचार करते हैं, ऐसे जिनेंद्र भगवान की मैं शरण ग्रहण करता हूँ।

भगवान ऋषभदेव धर्म, ज्ञान और मोक्षमार्ग की स्थापना करने वाले हैं


सांगानेर जिनालयद्वय का वर्णन

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🔸 सांगानेरे श्री ऋषभप्रसादे।
🔸 साहस्रवर्षप्रतिपत्तिशुद्धे॥
🔸 चन्द्रप्रभे पञ्चशताब्दिवन्द्ये।
🔸 नत्वाऽर्पयामः प्रणतिं जिनेभ्यः॥

📜 अर्थ:
सांगानेर में स्थित 1000 वर्ष प्राचीन श्री ऋषभदेव मंदिर तथा 500 वर्ष प्राचीन श्री चंद्रप्रभ जिनालय को नमन कर, मैं समस्त तीर्थंकरों को श्रद्धा अर्पित करता हूँ।

सांगानेर में दो प्रमुख जैन मंदिर हैं—श्री ऋषभदेव भगवान का 1000 वर्ष प्राचीन मंदिर और श्री चंद्रप्रभु जिनालय जो 500 वर्ष पुराना है

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🔸 ध्वजार्पणे मङ्गलमादधाने।
🔸 देवैर्युतं पुण्यगणैः ससंघैः॥
🔸 स्तोत्रं मया भावनया वितन्यं।
🔸 शरण्यतां नौ जिननाथ एकः॥

📜 अर्थ:
इस ध्वजारोहण के मंगलकारी अवसर पर, देवों और पुण्यात्माओं के समुदाय से युक्त इस महोत्सव में, मैंने इस स्तोत्र की रचना भावनापूर्वक की है। हे जिननाथ! आप ही मेरी एकमात्र शरण हैं।

यह श्लोक सांगानेर के श्री ऋषभदेव मंदिर और श्री चंद्रप्रभु जिनालय के ध्वजारोहण महोत्सव के संदर्भ में है


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🔸 यस्मै जिनेन्द्राय वरं प्रकाशम्।
🔸 यो मे व्यदाद् तत्वविदां वरिष्ठम्॥
🔸 ज्योतिर्भवानेन कृपातिशक्त्या।
🔸 तस्मै नमस्ते ऋषभाय नित्यम्॥

📜 अर्थ:
जिस जिनेंद्र भगवान ने मुझे सर्वोत्तम ज्ञान का प्रकाश प्रदान किया, जो समस्त तत्वों के ज्ञाता एवं ज्योतिर्मय हैं, उनकी असीम कृपा से मैं कृतार्थ हूँ, ऐसे ऋषभदेव भगवान को मैं नित्य नमन करता हूँ। इस श्लोक में स्तोत्र के रचयिता ने अपना नाम "ज्योति" भी गुम्फित किया है. 



🌿 संक्षिप्त सारांश

🔹 भगवान ऋषभदेव के दिव्य गुणों, उनकी महिमा और उनके द्वारा स्थापित धर्म का गुणगान किया गया है।
🔹 सांगानेर के 1000 वर्ष प्राचीन श्री ऋषभदेव मंदिर एवं 500 वर्ष प्राचीन श्री चंद्रप्रभु जिनालय की गौरवशाली परंपरा का उल्लेख किया गया है।
🔹 ऋषभदेव को विभिन्न प्राकृतिक शक्तियों (अग्नि, वायु, आकाश, पृथ्वी) एवं तत्वों (धैर्य, ज्ञान, योग, मोक्ष) के प्रतीक रूप में वर्णित किया गया है।
🔹 यह स्तोत्र हमें मोक्षमार्ग पर चलने की प्रेरणा देता है एवं संयम, ध्यान, ज्ञान और अहिंसा के पथ पर बढ़ने का संदेश देता है।

Thanks, 
Jyoti Kothari (Jyoti Kothari, Proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur represents Centuries Old Tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry. He is adviser, Vardhaman Infotech, a leading IT company in Jaipur. He is also ISO 9000 professional)

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