Nitin writes about taxes

 NITIN is from ROHTAK. He is  a simple guy who loves to write and write the things which are useful to others. He writes in Hubpages with a nick name of Freeworking. 
He has 16 hubs and 59 fans as on October 21, 2009.

FREEWORKING on HubPages

Some of his quality Hubs:

DEPRECIATION CALCULATOR

VAT CALCULATOR

FIXED DEPOSIT VALUE CALCULATOR

INCOME TAX DEDUCTION UNDER SECTION 80E FOR INTEREST ON EDUCATION

Thanks,
Jyoti Kothari

Jyoti Kothari is an author and hubber who writes about Gems and Jewelry, India, Economy, Finance, Management, Skills, Job, Employment, Food, Environment, Jainism and on many other topics.
He is proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur, representing centuries old tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry.

Siddhartha Lodha has obtained his LLB degree

Siddhartha Lodha has obtained his LLB degree  from Delhi university and started practicing in Delhi. He was a student of Delhi law college. He is a member of High court bar, Delhi now.

He has been started  practicing under Mr. Sood, a renowned lawyer, practicing in High court and Supreme court.

Siddhartha Lodha is son of late Ishwar Chand and Shila Lodha and brother of Sadhwi Shraddhanwita Shree Ji, disciple of  Sadhwi Shashiprabha Shree ji.

Shila Lodha  is daughter of Late Dhirendra Pat Kothari of Azimganj.

I wish all success to Siddhartha Lodha.


With regards,
Jyoti Kothari


(N.B. Jyoti Kothari is proprietor of Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur, representing Centuries Old Tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry.
He is a Non-resident Azimganjite.)

Ekal Kumbh preperation Photos

तमसो मा ज्योतिर्गमय

दीपावली कि हार्दिक शुभकामनाएँ

Let the light of Education

remove the darkness of ignorance

--
EKAL KUMBH KARYALAYA
Tell - 011 27483333/3434
Website - ekalkumbh.org

Best wishes on Diwali

Festival-of-India-Diwali-in-Jaipur

Festival-of-India-Dhan-Teras-and-Diwali

With regards,
Jyoti Kothari


(N.B. Jyoti Kothari is proprietor of Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur, representing Centuries Old Tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry.
He is a Non-resident Azimganjite.)

Diwali in Jaipur: Jewelers celebrates Dhan Teras and Diwali

 

Jaipur celebrates Diwali in its own fashion.

Jewelers and Gem dealers community keep themselves in fore front in all these ceremony.  Despite global slow down in business, Jaipur Jewelers contributed to festival of Dhan Teras and Diwali.

Johari Bazar, the Jewelers market was decorated like a bride even in this Diwali.
Jaipur is a culturally vibrant city and enthusiastic about festivals. Jaipur celebrates most of the festivals of India.

View more:
Festival-of-India-Diwali-in-Jaipur

Festival-of-India-Dhan-Teras-and-Diwali

Thanks,
Jyoti Kothari

(Jyoti Kothari, Proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur represents Centuries Old Tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry. He is also ISO 9000 professional)

Diwali in Jaipur

Jaipur celebrates Diwali in its own fashion. Jaipur is a culturally vibrant city and enthusiastic about festivals. Jaipur celebrates most of the festivals of India.

Jewelers and Gem dealers community keep themselves in fore front in all these ceremony.  Despite global slow down in business, Jaipur Jewelers contributed to festival of Dhan Teras and Diwali.

Johari Bazar, the Jewelers market was decorated like a bride even in this Diwali.

More about Rajasthan

View more:
Festival-of-India-Diwali-in-Jaipur

Festival-of-India-Dhan-Teras-and-Diwali

Thanks,
Jyoti Kothari

(Jyoti Kothari, Proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur represents Centuries Old Tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry. He is also ISO 9000 professional)

Sabu Singh: A sportsman and hubber from India

Sabu Singh  lives in Pune, India with his family. Apart from writing, he is deeply interested in nature, wildlife and birding. As a keen sportsman, he has enjoyed playing golf, tennis, hockey, squash and bridge. He also devotes time to stay physically fit.
He has 25 hubs and 92 fans as on October 21, 2009.
Sabu Singh profile in Hubpages

Some of his quality hubs
 Climate Change and Global Warming - What They Mean for Us
 Sex in the Animal Kingdom or Are Humans the Sexiest of All Species?
 Religion And Politics In India

Thanks,
Jyoti Kothari

Jyoti Kothari is an author and hubber who writes about Gems and Jewelry, India, Economy, Finance, Management, Skills, Job, Employment, Food, Environment, Jainism and on many other topics.
He is proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur, representing centuries old tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry.

C V Rajan: An Indian Hubber and engineer

CV Rajan is a Mechanical Design Engineer by profession and an avid writer and reader. He is a self-employed Machine Design professional, operating from his residence and fortunate enough to spare time to pursue his love for writing. He is middle aged, having a loving family. he is a spiritually inclined person, God loving and peace loving. he is quite humorous and love to make fun of the idiosyncrasies in the world and on himself too!
He has 24 hubs and 55 fans as on October 21, 2009.
CV Rajan profile in Hubpages

Some quality hubs by CV Rajan
 E-filing of Income tax returns in India - These bureaucrats never change!
Google Adsense and Duplicate Content – Some Doubts

Know YourPersonality Through Triguna

Thanks,
Jyoti Kothari

Jyoti Kothari is an author and hubber who writes about Gems and Jewelry, India, Economy, Finance, Management, Skills, Job, Employment, Food, Environment, Jainism and on many other topics.
He is proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur, representing centuries old tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry.

Shyam 17: A new but Quality hubber from India

 Shyam is a humble guy from India that is reflected in his profile. He is Shyam17 in Hubpages.
He has 11 hubs and 120 fans as on October 21, 2009. View profile of Shyam

Some of his quality hubs:
Relax while your opponent run out of steam
Let someone do it for you]
About Forex

Thanks, 
Jyoti Kothari
 

Jyoti Kothari is an author and hubber who writes about Gems and Jewelry, India, Economy, Finance, Management, Skills, Job, Employment, Food, Environment, Jainism and on many other topics.
He is proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur, representing centuries old tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry. 

Jain Diwali: Nirvana Kalyanaka of Lord Mahavira

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Lord Mahavira Attained Nirvana (Salvation) on Diwali night. Jain community celebrates Diwali to worship Nirvana Kalyanaka of Lord Mahavira.

Mahavira, last of all twenty four Tirthankara, liberated from Pawapuri, Bihar on Kartik Krishna Amavasya. Pawapuri was called Madhyam Apapa Nagari at that time.

Mahavira, got enlightened and became omniviscent at the age of 42 in Jrimbhika village, Bihar on the bank of river Rjubalika. He eliminated all four Ghati Karma in process of Asseticism. His holiness lived and preached in the earth for 30 years after that. He has got Indrabhuti Gautama as his principal desciple alongwith ten other Ganadhara.

Lord Mahavira preached continuously and spontaneously for fourty eight hours before attaining Niravana on Diwali. He preached fifty five chapters of Punyafal Vipaka, fifty five chapters of Papafal Vipaka and thirty six chapters of Aputthabagarna alias Uttaradhyayana Sutra during these two days according to Kalpa Sutra.

There was fourteen thousands Monks and thirty six thousands Nuns in his Sangha. Indrabhuti Gautama was the head of Shramana (Monks) Sangha and Chandanvala was the head of Shramani (Nuns)Sangha of Lord Mahavira.

Indrabhuti Gautama became omniscient just after Nirvana of Lord Mahavira. Jain community observes Diwali to worship Kevala Jnyana of Indrabhuti Gautama too.

According to Kalpa Sutra, a sacred Jain text, people lighted "Dipak"(Like candle) to get earthly light. Mahavira was divine light.

Dipak also spelled as Deepak produces light. People put Deepak in series and rows. Aavali means row or line. Hence the word derived combining both Deep and Aavali was Deepavali. The word Diwali  is inherited from word Deepawali or Deepavali.

Festival of India: Dhan Teras and Diwali 
Diwali in Jaipur 

Thanks,

Jyoti Kothari

Jyoti Kothari is an author and hubber who writes about Gems and Jewelry, India, Economy, Finance, Management, Skills, Job, Employment, Food, Environment, Jainism and on many other topics.
He is proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur, representing centuries old tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry.

Anamika S, Wonderful hubber from Mumbai

 She  is Anamika S from Mumbai. She loves watching Comedy Movies, Cooking, Traveling and listening to Ghazals and Devotional Songs. As a proud Indian she has an acquired interest in subjects like Numerology, Astrology and Hindu Mantras.

She has 285 hubs and 805 fans as on October 21, 2009. Her profile in hubpages 

Some of her quality hubs:

Solah Shringar - The 16 Adornments of a Hindu Bride 

Popular Mantras in Hindu Religion 

Why do we need Comments on our Blogs and Articles?

Laughing Buddha as a Feng Shui Symbol for Good Luck and Prosperity

Jyoti Kothari

Jyoti Kothari is an author and hubber who writes about Gems and Jewelry, India, Economy, Finance, Management, Skills, Job, Employment, Food, Environment, Jainism and on many other topics.
He is proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur, representing centuries old tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry. 

Naresh Kumar from delhi, India

Naresh Kumar from New Delhi, India.  He is in to the profession of transcription and writing is one of his hobbies.  Besides writing he likes Cricket a lot.  He also  likes interacting with people and make new friends.

He has 15 hubs and 19 fans as on October 21, 2009. 


Naresh profile in Hubpages


Some of his quality hubs:

How-to-know-the-meaning-of-dreams-we-have-while-sleeping-at-night

How to console a person who has recently lost her loved one

stayinghealthy-1

Thanks,

Jyoti Kothari

Jyoti Kothari is an author and hubber who writes about Gems and Jewelry, India, Economy, Finance, Management, Skills, Job, Employment, Food, Environment, Jainism and on many other topics.
He is proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur, representing centuries old tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry. 

Gems and Jewelry articles of Jyoti Kothari in Hubpages

 
Jyoti Kothari has been writing in hubpages since long time. He has written some more than eighty hubs in varied subjects and topics.

He is in Gems and Jewelry business since last thirty years. He has written some twenty articles about Gemstones and Jewelery. These articles include Navaratna gemstones ruby, sapphires, emerald, coral, cat's eye etc, Diamond, Kundan Meena Jadau and many other varieties of Gems and Jewelry.


Please check the articles below and see what interests you. 


Thanks

Hubs: Gems and Jewelry group

Gems and Jewelry business in Kolkata.

04/08/09

Photo gallery: Jadau Kundan Meena: Artistic Jewelery of Mogul pattern Part 2

03/21/09

Emerald: A green colored Gemstone

07/18/09

Navaratna: Tantra of India

03/31/09

Astrology and Palmistry : Gemstones, Planets and Zodiac

06/08/08

How to evaluate, buy and preserve Kundan, Meena, Jadau Ornaments

05/05/08

India: Producing small diamonds consuming solitaires

04/29/08

Gem and Jewelry business in Jaipur ( India), the colorstone hub

04/27/08

Quality, Origin and Properties of Ruby and Sapphire

04/28/08

 Gems and Jewelry business: Ethics

03/11/09

Kundan Jadau Meena of Varanasi: Old Memories

05/19/08

Jadau and Meenakari : The artistic Jewellery of Mogul pattern

05/04/08

Diamond: Quality, Grading, Value and Certification

05/14/08

Gem and Jewelery business in Hyderabad

05/17/08

 Gemstones and Jewellery: Classifications

05/26/08

Ornamental beaded Necklace

05/14/08

Photo gallery: Jadau Kundan Meena: Artistic Jewelery of mogul pattern

10/12/08

Coral: Gemstone for Marsh

09/08/09

Cat’s Eye: Mysterious gemstone

Jyoti Kothari is an author and hubber who writes about Gems and Jewelry, India, Economy, Finance, Management, Skills, Job, Employment, Food, Environment, Jainism and on many other topics.
He is proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur, representing centuries old tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry. 

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Jaspal: Few articles. quality hubs

Jaspal is a veteran warhorse who took early retirement from Indian Army in 1997 after commanding his Regiment. In heart and soul he remains a serviceman – the bonds and camaraderie run deep and remain strong. He was a keen climber in the Himalayas when younger. Now days the love of nature and outdoors takes him trekking or river rafting when he can manage to get away. As the avatar would suggest, he enjoys golf.

He has 3 hubs and 61 fans as on October 21, 2009. 

Some quality hubs from Jaspal:
 GOLF AND LIFE
 What's So Special About Cocker Spaniels?

My Love Affair With Golf

 Thanks,

Jyoti Kothari

Jyoti Kothari  is an author and hubber who writes about Gems and Jewelry, India, Economy, Finance, Management, Skills, Job, Employment, Food, Environment, Jainism and on many other topics.
He is proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur, representing centuries old tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry.

 

Karma Theory in Jainism: Origin, History, Texts and other descriptions Part 2

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Continued from Part 1

As I have mentioned earlier there are six parts in Karma Grantha by Acharya Devendra Suri. Names of those six are as follows:

1. Karma Vipaka

2. Karmastava

3. Vandha Swamitva

4. Shadashiti

5. Shataka

6. Saptati

The first Karma Grantha "Karma Vipaka" deals with four types of Vandha that means bondage of karmik particles with the soul.

These four are:

1. Prakriti

2. Pradesh

3. Sthiti

4. Anubhaga or Rasa

Prakriti means nature. When a mundane soul involves in any actions, it attracts Karma Vargana (Karmik particles) from the nature and  create a bond with that. This bonded particles further divide into eight types of Karma according to the nature of actions. These eight types are:

1. Jnyanavaraniya (Gyanavaraniya)

2. Darshanavaraniya

3. Mohaniya

4. Antaraya

5. Nama

6. Gotra

7. Vedaniya

8. Ayushya

First four of these are Ghati Karma and the next four are Aghati Karma. Ghati Karma restricts a soul to obtain Kevala Jnyana (omniviscence) and Aghati from Moksha (salvation).

1. Jnyanavaraniya (Gyanavaraniya) Karma: A soul is full of wisdom and knowledge. However, Jnyanavaraniya Karma puts a cover over it and restricts a soul to obtain knowledge and wisdom. Jnyana means knowledge and Avaran Menas cover. Hence Jnyanavaraniya means which covers or restricts to aqquire knowledge. There are five types of Jnyana or knowledge

1. Mati Jnyana (28)

2. Shruta Jnyana (14)

3. Avadhi Jnyana (6)

4. Manah Paryava Jnyana (2)

5. Kevala Jnyana (1)

Jnyanavaraniya (Gyanavaraniya) Karma is also divided into five types according to their capabilities of covering each Jnyana such as Mati Jnyanavaraniya, Shruta Jnyanavaraniya and so on. These five further have sub-divisions as mentioned in the bracket above.

Karma Theory Part 1
Karma Theory Part 2
Karma Theory Part 3
Karma Theory part 4
Karma Theory part 5

Thanks, 
Jyoti Kothari

Jyoti Kothari is an author and hubber who writes about Gems and Jewelry, India, Economy, Finance, Management, Skills, Job, Employment, Food, Environment, Jainism and on many other topics.
He is proprietor, Vardhaman Gems, Jaipur, representing centuries old tradition of Excellence in Gems and Jewelry.